Questions in this chapter

(a) Most of the people of our country are living in the rural areas. (Make it interrogative without the change of meaning) (b) They are peace loving. (Make it complex) (c) They are more patriotic and industrious. (Make it positive) (d) They love their motherland profoundly. (Make it passive) (e) Although they are insolvent, they do not adopt any unfair means to become rich overnight. (Make it simple)

(a) Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest possessions in order to buy Christmas presents for each other. (Compound) (b) Della had an ardent desire to give her husband a worthy, gift (Complex) (c) Jim also thought how he could give his wife a nice gift. (Simple). (d) Della saved a scanty amount of money for this. (Passive) (e) Jim was one of the sincerest husbands that we have ever known. (Positive)

(a) Some essential agricultural inputs are to be ensured to increase our food production. ( Make it active) (b) The farmers who are poor do not get loan on easy terms. (Make it simple) (c) What a pity! ( Make it Assertive) (d) The farmers do not get the facilities necessary for food production. ( Make it Complex) (e) Unfortunately, they do not get the due price of their products. ( Make it Compound)

Mobile phone has added a new dimension in our communication system. It has made the world closer to us. (a) — it has made worldwide communication easier. We use it for our day-to-day communication. (b) — it has been part and parcel of our life as we cannot go for a single day without using it. We use it for rapid communication. (c) — mobile phone is not free from defect. It has some negative sides as well. (d) — excessive use of mobile phone may damage our hearing power. (e) — it is a means of money wastage. (f) — it is seen that many underworld crimes are being done with the use of mobile network. (g) — the radiation from mobile phone may cause cancer to the users. (h) — we are aware of these harmful effects. (i) — we are not aware of using the mobile phone. (j) — we must have to be conscious of the negative impact of mobile phone.

Man is a social being. (a) —, man cannot live alone. (b) —, man has been living together from time immemorial. Living in society is not an easy task. We have to follow certain rules and regulations of the society. (c) —, we should be cooperative. (d) —, we must help others when they are in need. (e) —, we have to be careful not to hurt others by our words or activities. (f) — we must control our emotions and behave rationally towards others. (g) — we should not think and live only for us. (h) — we should always think and work for the betterment of the society. (i) — we should remain prepared to sacrifice our lives for the greater interest of the society. (j) — sacrificing our lives for the society makes us immortal.

It was the night before my math exam in the 2nd semester. I could not do better in the math exam of 1st semester. (a) — I was really serious about the exam. (b) — I was careful enough not to spend a single moment in vain. But, the night did not pass smoothly at all. (c) — it was full of mishaps. (d) — the electricity went out. I waited for it for about an hour, however, there was sign of its coming. (e) — I lighted a candle and began to study again. The flickering light of the candle was creating problems for me. Soon, I began to feel a bad headache. I really wanted to get rid of it. (f) —, I left my reading room and stood in the balcony for some time. I began to feel better, but could not stay there for long. (g) — I let the place. (h) —, I went to my reading room again. (i) — to add to my gladness the electricity came. I could finish my study within two hours. (j) —, I went to bed with a happy mind.

Unemployment is a great problem in our country. (a) — it is the burning question of the day. (b) — almost all the countries of the world suffer from the curse of unemployment problem. (c) —Bangladesh is the worst sufferer of this so called problem. (d) — nowhere in the world this problem is so acute as in our country. (e) — there are many reasons behind it. (f) — our country is industrially backward. (g) — our system of education fails to give a student an independent start of life. (h) — it has little provision for vocational training. (i) — our students and youth have false sense of dignity. (j) they run after jobs blindly.

Rangpur Town Hall is a place of cultural activities. (a) — in 1971, it became a torture cell used by the Pakistani army. (b) — the army brought here innocent Bengalees. After that they started to bring Bengali women here. Among them Mansura Begum was one who was the wife of a freedom fighter. (c) — she was young and beautiful, she drew the attention of local collaborators. (d) — they informed the Pakistani army. (e) — the Pakistani army abducted Mansura occurrence, Pakistani soldiers surrounded her house. (f) — they searched her husband who joined the Mukti Bahini. (g) — they found her father-in-law, they started to beat him. The old man got unconscious. (h) — the barbarous soldiers did not stop beating him. Mansura rushed to her father-in-law, grabbed his bleeding body and begged the military not to kill him. (i) — they did not listen to her. They picked up the old man on the military truck. (j) — they pulled and dragged Mansura on to the truck.

Honesty is a noble virtue. The man possessing this invaluable quality is the happiest man on earth, (a) —. To be honest, a man should have trustworthiness. (b) —, nobody trusts a liar. A liar may prosper for the time being. (c) —, he goes to the dogs. (d) — we should be honest. It is said that honesty is the best policy. (e) — dishonesty is the sign of downfall. God helps those who are honest. (f) — dishonest people are cursed. (g) — children should be taught honesty from childhood. It is widely observed that children follow their parents. (h) — parents should be honest and upright in their business of life. (i) — children should be allowed to mix with those friends who are honest. (j) — they can mould their characters.

Water is a vital element of the environment (a) — this element is polluted in many ways. (b) — farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their field. (c) — rain and flood wash away these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds (d) — pollute it. (e) —- mills and factories throw their poisonous chemicals and waste product into water. (f) — water vehicles also pollute water by dumping food waste and human waste into it. (g) — insanitary latrines and unsafe drains also contribute to water pollution. Water is called life. (h) — we cannot allow this pollution to continue. We have to raise an awareness about it. (i) — laws should be enforced strictly. (j) — we fail to check water pollution, we will suffer.

Trees are a vital part of our environment. (a) —, they bear a great impact on the climate. (h) — we are not careful about them (c) — we destroy trees at random. (d)—, one day the country will bear the consequence of greenhouse effect. (e) — ours is an agricultural country, our economy depends on it. (f) —, our agriculture is depended on rain. (g) —, trees play a vital role on our climate. (h) — trees keep the soil strong. (i) —, trees save us from flood (j) — many other natural calamities.

Deforestation means cutting down of trees (a) — (post-modify the verb). To meet up the basic needs of food and housing, trees are being cut in large scale and thus it causes (b) — (pre modify the noun) imbalance. Besides, there are some dishonest people who cut trees in our forest (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). The (d) — (use a noun adjective to pre modify the noun) level is rising and many parts of the world are going to be engulfed by the sea in near future. New areas of the world are (e) — (use a participle to pre-modify the verb) turned into desert as a result of deforestation. So, we must stop (f) — (use a participle to post-modify the verb) down trees unnecessarily. (g) — (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) trees indiscriminately will be hazardous for our future existence. If we destroy trees (h) — (use an adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb) one day the country will turn into a great desert. The (i) — (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) temperature will cause greenhouse effect. Necessary measures should be taken (j) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).

Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) farmer who used (b) — (post-modify the verb by using infinitive) on other people’s lane With great effort they married (c) — (use a pronoun) daughters off by the time they reach teenage. Their sons also started (d) — (use present participle to modify the verb) with their as (e) — (pre-modify the noun) labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time in were seventeen, they left for towns (f) — (use infinitive to post-modify the verb) money: they used to send money to their parents (g) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb getting married they barely had enough to support their (h) — (pre-modify the noun Out of desperation, Ayesha Begum started (i) — (post-modify the verb) in the village old, (j) — (pre-modify the noun) husband and herself.

Sabbir is (a) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) ideal student. He prepares (b) — (use possessive to pre-modity the noun) lessons in collaboration with his teachers. He does (c) — (post-modify the verb) in every examination as he does does not waste time. He knows time once lost is lost forever. So, he utilizes every moment. During his free time he goes to his native village. He teaches (d) — (pre-modify the noun) people. He wants (e) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) illiteracy from his village. (f) — (use present participle to pre modify the verb) illiteracy from his village, he wants to bring about massive development. He is (g) --- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) devoted to God. He says prayer (h) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times a day. He never tells a lie. He respects his parents very much. Our superiors are also respected by him. His father, (i) — (post-modify the noun phrase with an appositive) supports him cordially. His mother, an ideal housewife, (j) — (pre modify the verb) supports him very much. Such a student like Sabbir is rarely found nowadays.

A village doctor is a very (a) — (pre-modify the noun) person in the rural areas of Bangladesh. He is (b) — (pre-modify the verb) known as a quack. A village doctor is not a (c) — (pre-modify the noun) doctor. He usually sits in a small dispensary (d) — (post-modify the verb). He treats the patients (e) — (use a participle phrase to post-modify the verb). A village doctor is not a (f) — (pre-modify the noun) man. His chamber is (g) — (pre-modify the verb) furnished. He cannot supply costly medicine to (h) — (pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the number of qualified doctors is (i) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) few. So, a village doctor is a great friend to the (j) — (pre-modify the noun) villagers.

The people of Bangladesh have expressed their shock (a) — (post-modify the verb) at the reaction of the Pakistan Parliament. Pakistan strongly protested the execution of two (b) — (pre-modify the noun collaborators who committed crimes against humanity on their own people in 1971. There is a demand for apology from (c) — (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) government for the crimes of its army during the Liberation War of Bangladesh. Recently Pakistan’s National Assembly may be within its rights (d) — (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb) for the execution of two collaborators. But it is quite clear to us that Pakistan always tries to erase its past history. To erase (e) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) history is not easy because history continues to follow all of us. Pakistan, (f) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), cannot come out of its military influence. As a result, the country has become (g) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) barbarous. So Pakistan is going down (h) — (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). The founder of Pakistan Mr. Jinnah was physically (i) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak and so, the state always tried to show its physical strength since (j) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) birth.

Kazi Nazrul Islam is called the Shelley of Bengali literature. He was a (a) — (pre-modify the poet. He wrote (b) — (post-modify the verb) in every branch of Bengali literature. Nazrul, (c) — (use an appositive), won the attention of everyone in his early childhood. He wrote ceaselessly until the death of (d) — (use possessive pronoun) poetic flair. He composed his songs (e) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). His songs are (f) — (use an intensifier to modify the adjective) melodious. He enriched the Bengali literature (g) — (use an adverb to modify the verb). His literary works have enriched (h) — (use a noun adjective) literature. He (i) — (use an article) secular poet. He sang the songs of equality (j) — (use an adverbial phrase).

Raja, (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is known to his classmates as a good student. He has (b) — (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) good qualities. He knows that the (c) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) duty of a student is to study and he never acts (d) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) duty. He prepares (e) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons regularly. He maintains discipline. He knows the value of time. He gets up (f) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb) so that he can get enough time to study.  He goes to school (g) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb). He never wastes a (h) — (use determines to pre-modify the noun) moment in vain. Raja is (i) — (pre-modify the adjective intensifier) gentle. He always obeys his parents and teachers. He never mixes with (j) — (pre-modify the noun) boys. A student like Raja is a great asset of a nation,

A balanced diet is a good mixture of (a) — (pre modify the noun) foods. It is essential for us (b) — ( post modify the adjective with an infinitive) a healthy life. There are many benefits of eating a (c) — (pre modify the noun) diet because it prevents (d) — (use determiner to premodify the noun) diseases. As a result, we do not get sick (e) — (post modify the verb with adverb). diet according to our needs. We should not eat the (g) — (use adjective to premodify the noun) foods for the whole week. We can keep fit (h) — ( use a participle) a balanced diet. But it is not easy (i) — (post modify the adjective with an infinitive) a balanced diet. Here (j) — (use a determiner) nutritionist can help us.

Travelling is a part of education. These means going from place to place. One can enhance knowledge by going from place to place. Thus gives one the opportunity to see the unseen and know the unknown. Some people are averse to travelling. This limits his vision. However, by travelling different parts of the world, my knowledge may be enriched.