a→⋅b→∣b→∣\frac{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{a}} \cdot \overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}}{|\overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}|}∣b∣a⋅b
d→∣a→⋅b→∣\frac{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{d}}}{|\overrightarrow{\mathrm{a}} \cdot \overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}|}∣a⋅b∣d
a‾b→∣a→∣\frac{\overline{\mathrm{a}} \overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}}{|\overrightarrow{\mathrm{a}}|}∣a∣ab
b→∣a→⋅b→∣\frac{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}}{|\overrightarrow{\mathrm{a}} \cdot \overrightarrow{\mathrm{b}}|}∣a⋅b∣b