∙CH3{ }^{\bullet} \mathrm{CH}_{3}∙CH3
∙CH2R{ }^{\bullet} \mathrm{CH_2R}∙CH2R
∙CR3{ }^{\bullet} \mathrm{CR}_{3}∙CR3
∙CHR2{ }^{\bullet} \mathrm{CHR}_{2}∙CHR2